After some time of research, here is how it worked for me:
Install normally following the documentation, even if it doesn’t ask for symbolic links. Then go to the installation directory (/usr/local/matlab in my case):
./install_matlab -glnx
Answer ‘y’ to all questions and keep the suggestions (this takes care of the license stuff). In the same directory as the matlab file (e.g. /usr/local/matlab/bin/) create a file (I called it matlab2 — you can call it matlab2.sh). In this file write
export AWT_TOOLKIT=3DMToolkit
/usr/local/matlab/bin/matlab
Now in the terminal type (still within /usr/local/matlab/bin/)
chmod 755 matlab2
Finally, start Matlab by doing
./matlab2